Materials of construction.



citizen'ofthejUnited States-,.residin at Newl York'city, thecou'nty of New orklandr State of New York, have yinvented certain' x WILLiAMMHESERgoFNEW-YORK. N. rg f I I Specieation of vLetters iPatenti Pat Appetite@ filed Apii1'2c, 19o5. sera no; 255,579,

new and useful'lmproveme'nts in kMateI-'ials of My invention relatesto'concretefsteel conspecification.

'struction {andy its novelty consists 'in the construction and ada tationof-thel arts, as willl l be-more fully herelnafter pointe jout f 'In anapplication for Letters P tent ofthe United States/ledb mel October 513,- 1904, Serial` No. 228,342, 'havershown and de# scribed a form' of bar adapted to: be embedded in concrete and to form-a unitarystructure with itsV concrete eiivelo'rnav which'v bar 'corni prises a longitudinal body rovided with external ispirally-arranged* r1 s whereby a' re sistanceis afforded' to the movement ofvthe 'dinal axis.- is` substantially Constant and of tioncorngirises` 'sundry mo'dlficatioiis o this form of ar and has for its object the lproductionof a bai-which while varying some'- f 4vvhatin form and proportions from that de`7 'scribed inf ythe application referred to yet possesses the advantages ofthe (bar, while ljat.

the sa etimeithas' 'other-advantages culiartoitself and may perhaps wlac-'moreY if .readily manufactured y* 4o In the drawings Fi two" planes, the outline o the `b ar .being shown dotted ywhereit is concealed; Figsi2, 45

3 and 4 are transverse righteangled sections onthe planes oftheflin'es' 2 2,3 3, and 4 4- in Fig. I." lFig'. 5 is alongitudinalelevationof 'the 'same bar, v-showingthc modilication' or distortion'whiohfoccurs'in'its'shape when the- 5 'two' rolls' through which it isfornied do not exactly re ister while this*'oper'ation'is-taking H"place, an `Figs. 6,7,fand 8 arek transverse l "metal, preferably ironor steel, which has uniform character,`fand thereforethe tensile strengthof the bar and, what is more impor-y tant, its elongation .under stress-is substanf tially uniform atV all points .along its length.

The subject-matter.v of this present fap lica-'v body 21 of `s mmetrica with externa 4rbs22, 23,24, 25, 2 6, and 27, rvariously disposed around 'andr` projecting from 4the" body 21.. -The body 21 is shown in theillustrations as along cylinder ;"b`ut it may aswell have l any'polygonalshape vin' "cross-section so long fas its transverse sectionalarea is uniform at all points;l The ex# ternal ribsy 22 to r27 arer preferably made'inte- 'ented Maren v"2o, 190e.

l r i,been rolled otherwise'fashioned into the,y

forms shov'vn .';lty 'comprises a 'l`ongitu'di`nal4v form*vv and provided gralwiththe bodyof 'the bar. Their 'size but' about the pro ortions shown in the contrastedwith the body of'vthebar may be f' varied to Asuit different circumstances of use;` 7o

drawings are usua and fconvenient., YIn

cross-section"each one of these ribsl above theI body of thefbar resembles somewhat the'sha e of an ordinary tooth oftoothed gearing. Tlie fissare each. arranged' symmetrical with f 4reference. to' the` longitudinal axis offt e bar. Referrmgspeclfically to Figs. lto 4,22 and of the bai., wound.in.oppositefdireotions,v inf tersectmg eachiother. vr'atfregular intervals.

'Ooinoident" with one-half of these. points joff `intersection and arranged on diametrically oPpOSite sides .of .th bd .21 are two, lon '1-" ,t Ss

parallel with the' central longitudinal axislof tudinal ribs- 24f24, while "are Asubstantial y 23 vare ribs sprally arranged aroundthe body the bar. Itiwill be seen that bythis arrangef ment'spaces roughly trian u'larin'shape'are.

-leftabove the body21 an ,betweentheribs' 1 diamondshaped'are'left between the r ibs2 2 l 22, `v 2.33" @lid 24, and; other spaces roughly and 23.*` vThese `spaces are ada ted'to receive anddo receive the concrete an assistin hold- /thyare'once injp'lacel i he :bar made" as described 'has' 'substan tially the same\ c rosssectional .areain all'.

lanes at'rlghtvangles t'o its'longitudinalaxis t yat' 'fthefanglesfformedby the l rocl n heoretioal 'intersection of `any "pa 1r. '0f spiral'ri/bs this cross-sectlonal area wouldv :be` slightlyl less than elsewhere, :and 'in order. to compensate,

for such decrease-in .area-the angle 4'otinter-4 section; is roundedI out slightly` and a. littlemore metalis left atthat point, 'soas to make IOS the lsectional.'area. of the 4bar'jat that point r uniformflwith that at'ther other points yalong its lengthfl "Another matter'f'to be noted is that all oblique sections ofthe bar are greater f' I areaithan the-transverseright-angledsecf 'In' :the drawings, 120` represents a bar` of- Iio' =t1on`,-and eonsequently'ithls"areaofvumform section represents the minimum strength ofv I to be obtained.

the bar. It cannot twist'and cannot pull out of the,concrete, and the longitudinal ribs prevent it from rotating. 4How the cross-sectional area remains uniform is seen from an examination of Figs. 2, 3, and 4. In Fig. 2 it is seen that the ribs 22, 24, and 23 all coalesce to form at that point one projecting body. In Fig. 3 they are all shown as separated; but their combined area is the salne, of course, as it was in Fig. 2. In Fig. 4 the ribs 23 and 22 are coalesced,while the ribs 24 are separate,

in each of these figures their area being iden- .is apt to occur, and it has occurred frequently in every rolling-mill and a difficulty which ironmasters have long sought to overcome, but have not overcome except at an expense entirely disproportionate to the result sought When abar of my improved form, however, is employed, it makes no diHerence whether the rolls register or not, because the -cross sectional area of the bar at all points will bel Ifound to be the same, even although vsuch registration does not take place. How this occurs is fully illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, showing cross-sections of the bar illustrated in Fig. 5. By these sections it will be seen that w'hile the ribs 22, 23, and

24 are not at any place symmetrically arranged around the periphery of the intersecting circular, yet nevertheless their combined area is above vthe body of the bar, and consequently the cross-sectional area of the entire bar at all of these points is at all times the same.

Having in view the principles governing the construction of this form of concrete barnamely, that the bod of the bar shall be of symmetrical form an that the external ribs shall be symmetrically placed about such form-it will bel relatively easy for those skilled in the art to which'the invention relates to make vother modifications in the form of the bar while still practicing the principles of the invention.

What I claim as new is- 1. lA bar adapted to be use d las a core to be embedded in concrete comprising a re ularly-forrned central body provided with external projecting ribs extending a substantial part of the length of the body, vone of said ribs being substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the body, another rib ex-- tending diagonally around the body in one direction and another rib extending diagonally around the body in the opposite direction and intersecting the other ribs.

2. A bar adapted to be used as a core to be embedded in concrete comprising a regularly-formed central body provided with external projecting ribs extending a substantial part of the length of the body, one of said ribs being substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the body, another rib extending diagonally around the body in one direction and a plurality of ribs extending diagonally around the body in the opposite direction and intersecting the other ribs.

3. A baradapted to lbe used as a core to be embedded in concrete comprisin a regularly-formed central body provide with external projecting ribs extending a substantial part of the length of the body, one of said ribs being substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the body, a plurality of ribs extending diagonally around the body invone direction and a plurality of ribs extending diagonally around the body in the opposite direction and intersectinr the other ribs.

4. A bar adapted to le used as a core to be embedded in concrete comprising a regularly-formedcentral body provided with external projecting ribs extending a substantial part of the length of the body, a'plurality of said ribs being substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the body, another rib extending diagonally around the body in one direction and another rib extending diagonally around the body in the opposite direction and intersecting the other ribs.

5. A bar adapted to be used as a core to be embedded in concrete comprising a regularly-formed central body provided with external projecting ribs extending a substantial part of the length of the body, a lurality of said ribs being substantially paral el with the IOO longitudinal axis of the body, another rib exi ribs being substantially parallel with the gitudinal axis of the body, a plurality of ribs extending diagonally around the body in one direction and a plurality of ribs extending diagonally around the body in the opposite direction and intersectinor the other ribs.

7. A bar adapte'd tobe used as a core to be embedded in concrete comprisin a regularly-formed central body provide with cxternal projecting ribs extending a substantial part of' the length of the body, one of said ribs being substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the bod and others of said ribs extending diagonal y around the body IIO 1o pait o said ribs beingsubstantilly parel el ywith the f longitudinanlkwaxis ofthe body, end others of and intersecting 'eachotherl `and the longitudinal rib, the transverse section at the intersections of'the-ribs being increased to prouce along` the Whole b'ar a'uniformsection 5' throu hout its length t 4 8; baadeptejd to be used s acoreto be embedded n concrete comprisi lrl ,-formed' central body providbl with eX-' ternalgrojecting 1 'ibs extending a. substantialthe llength of the body, 'a -I urelity of a fregu-f body and intersecting eac other and the 1on` -gjtudnal ribs, vihe'transverse section of `the I nb'sbeingfincreased yto produce along the len th. i

*e `testimony whereof atix m-y signetiire.y

in presence of two Witnesses.'v

. whole barba uniformsection throughout its i WILLIAM -MUESER 

